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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the tetracycline-HCI on root surface. 40 human extracted teeth that were involved in severe periodontal disease were selected and root planed thoroughly. For scanning electron microscopic study, tooth slab(6X3X2mm) was prepared from root surface that was involved in periodontal pocket and was immersed in tetracycline aqueous solution of 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/ml for 5 min. and in citric acid solution (pH 1) for 3 min. respectively. All specimens were fixed and processed. For fluorescence microscopic examination, root slab that was involved in periodontal pocket was immersed in tetracycline aqueous solution for 5 min. and 24 hr and in citric acid solution for 3 min. respectively. The specimens were rinsed and sectioned in approximately 150um thickness and observed. The results were as follows 1. Scanning Electron Microscopic examination revealed no difference at 1 mg/ml tetracycline solution compared to the root planed specimen without tetracycline conditioning. In 2.5-25 mg/ml tetracycline solution, localized demineralization was observed in cementum only. Above 50 mg/ml tetracycline concentration, cemental collagen fibers were observed in remained cemental surface, and opened dentinal tubules were observed in exposed dentinal surface. The demineralizing effect was similar with the sample exposed to the citric acid. 2. In samples immersed for 5 min., fluorescent microscopic study revealed no yellow fluorescence at 1 mg/ml tetracycline solution. In 2.5-25 mg/ml tetracycline solution, there was weak and localized fluorescence on dentin and cementum surface. Above 50 mg/ml tetracycline solution there was bright yellow fluorescence in the periphery of the cementum surface. There was no detectable color and intensity difference according to various concentrations. Specimens immersed for 24 hr. revealed a bright yellow fluorescence through the full thickness of cementum. The intensity and color was strengthened according to increasing concentrations of tetracycline solutions. In exposed dentin surface, yellow fluorescence was observed along the dentinal tubules. This result suggests the topical application of tetracycline above 50 mg/ml in periodontal therapy will be useful for connective tissue reattachment.
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